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Bristol Myers Squibb · Ozanimod Hydrochloride

Zeposia: patented from NIH-funded research, then Medicare paid $91M for it in 2024

The Scripps Research Institute reported 3 patents on this drug to NIH as inventions made with NIH grant money. Bristol Myers Squibb lists them with the FDA as protecting Zeposia.
Patent reported to NIH as grant-funded

Medicare paid, 2024

$91M

before rebates

Medicare, 2020–2024

$213M

$72K per patient in 2024

Medicaid paid, 2024

$55M

before rebates

NIH grants behind the patents

$101M

whole-grant totals, not the drug's cost

The public record, link by link

  1. 1 · Public money

    2 NIH grants to The Scripps Research Institute, $101M in all.

  2. 2 · Patent

    8481573, 8796318, 9382217, reported to NIH under U54MH074404, U54MH084512.

  3. 3 · FDA approval

    Approved Mar 25, 2020, held by Bristol Myers Squibb (NDA 209899).

  4. 4 · Public pays

    Medicare paid $91M in 2024 for 1,271 patients; Medicaid $55M.

What Medicare paid for Zeposia

Medicare Part D and Part B gross spending by year, before manufacturer rebates.
2020: $2.1M20202021: $20M20212022: $38M20222023: $63M20232024: $91M2024: $91M2024

The grants

Totals are everything NIH paid on each grant since 1985. A grant usually funded more than this one invention.
GrantResearchYearsNIH paid
U54MH084512

NIMH

The Comprehensive Center for Chemical Probe Discovery and Optimization at Scripps

The Scripps Research Institute

2008–2013$89M
U54MH074404

NIMH

Molecular Libraries Screening Centers Network (MLSCN)(RMI)

The Scripps Research Institute

2005–2007$12M

The patents

Patents the FDA lists for this drug that were also reported to NIH as grant-funded inventions.
  • US 8481573

    NOVEL MODULATORS OF SPHINGOSINE PHOSPHATE RECEPTORSte receptors

    Reported by The Scripps Research Institute

    FDA-listed expiry Mar 24, 2033
  • US 8796318

    Modulators of Sphingocine Phosphate receptors

    Reported by The Scripps Research Institute

    FDA-listed expiry May 14, 2029
  • US 9382217

    NOVEL MODULATORS OF SPHINGOSINE PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS

    Reported by The Scripps Research Institute

    FDA-listed expiry May 14, 2029

Bristol Myers Squibb's side

Drug makers pay for the clinical trials that take a compound from the lab to FDA approval, and they often license the patent from the university and pay royalties on sales. Those terms are not public. The FDA's approval records for Zeposia are linked above, and Bristol Myers Squibb's page shows its other drugs on this list. If Bristol Myers Squibb wants to add its account, we will publish it here.

How this is built. Universities and companies that use NIH grants must report the inventions those grants produce to NIH, under the Bayh-Dole Act. NIH publishes the patent numbers and the grants they were reported under. We match those patents to the patents drug makers list with the FDA for each approved drug (the Orange Book), then add what Medicare Part D, Part B and Medicaid paid for each drug. Only patents still listed with the FDA appear, so drugs whose patents have expired drop out, and biologics, which the Orange Book does not cover, are not here yet.

What the numbers mean. "NIH grants" is everything NIH paid out on the grants a patent was reported under, from 1985 on. A grant usually paid for more than the one invention, so it is not the cost of the drug. Medicare and Medicaid figures are gross spending before the rebates drug makers pay back, which are confidential. Companies also paid for the clinical trials that took these drugs to approval; each drug page links the company's own filings.

Sources: NIH RePORTER patents reported under NIH grants (from iEdison); NIH RePORTER project funding; FDA Orange Book patent and product files; Medicare Part D Spending by Drug; Medicare Part B Spending by Drug; Medicaid Spending by Drug. Updated 2026-11-05.